MariaDB 또는 MySQL에서 지원하는 Built-in 함수 설명 및 예제

MariaDB 또는 MySQL에서 수많은 내장 함수를 지원합니다. C언어나 Python에서 지원하는 String함수, Numeric 함수뿐 아니라 관계형 DB에서만 지원하는 함수도 있습니다. MariaDB의 함수 리스트는 https://mariadb.com/kb/en/function-and-operator-reference/에서 확인이 가능하면 관계형 DB에서만 사용되는 독특한 함수 예제 위주로 설명하도록 하겠습니다. 각각의 함수는 굳이 암기할 필요는 없고, 대략의 함수 지원 범위만 알고 있고 함수를 사용할 때 마다 Reference 사이트를 참고하는 것을 추천드립니다.

Built Function 종류

String Functions
Date & Time Funcitons
Aggregate Functions
Numeric Functions
Call Flow Functions
Pseudo Columns
Bit Functions
Encryption, Hash and Compression Functions
Information Functions
Dynamic Columns Functions
Geographic Functions
JSON Functions
Windows Functions

Aggregate Functions 예제

Group BY 와 연동해서 평균 AVG() 함수를 사용하는 예제입니다. 각 개인별로 SQL과 Tunning 점수를 GROUP BY로 합쳐서 평균을 계산합니다. AVG() 함수 대신 MAX(maximum), MIN(minimum), SUM(sum total), TDDEV_POP (equivalent, standard SQL), STDDEV (equivalent, Oracle-compatible non-standard SQL), VAR_POP (variance), STDDEV_SAMP (sample standard deviation) 함수를 사용할 수 있습니다.

CREATE TABLE student (name CHAR(10), test CHAR(10), score TINYINT);
INSERT INTO student VALUES
('Chun', 'SQL', 75), ('Chun', 'Tuning', 73),
('Esben', 'SQL', 43), ('Esben', 'Tuning', 31),
('Kaolin', 'SQL', 56), ('Kaolin', 'Tuning', 88),
('Tatiana', 'SQL', 87), ('Tatiana', 'Tuning', 83);
SELECT name, AVG(score) FROM student GROUP BY name;

Windows 함수를 사용하는 예제입니다.

SELECT name, test, score, AVG(score) OVER (PARTITION BY test) AS average_by_test FROM student;

SELECT name, test, score, AVG(score) OVER (PARTITION BY name) AS average_by_name FROM student;

Date Function 예제

날짜가 30인 경우 출력

SELECT d FROM t1 where DAYOFMONTH(d) = 30;

한 달 이후 날짜 출력

SELECT DATE_ADD('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);

Date 포맷 변환

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1900-10-04 22:23:00', '%D %y %a %d %m %b %j');
SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00', '%H %k %I %r %T %S %w');
SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1999-01-01', '%X %V');
SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2006-06-00', '%d');

UTC Time 값 얻어오기

SELECT UTC_TIME(), UTC_TIME() + 0;

Control Functions

IF() 함수 예제

CASE() 예제

Function and Operator Reference (출처: 링크)

Name	Description
+	Addition operator
/	Division operator
*	Multiplication operator
%	Modulo operator. Returns the remainder of N divided by M
-	Subtraction operator
!=	Not equals
<	Less than
<=	Less than or equal
<=>	NULL-safe equal
=	Equal
>	Greater than
>=	Greater than or equal
&	Bitwise AND
<<	Shift left
>>	Shift right
^	Bitwise XOR
!	Logical NOT
&&	Logical AND
XOR	Logical XOR
\|\|	Logical OR
\|	Bitwise OR
:=	Assignment operator
=	Assignment and comparison operator
~	Bitwise NOT
ABS	Returns an absolute value
ACOS	Returns an arc cosine
ADD_MONTHS	Add months to a date
ADDDATE	Add days or another interval to a date
ADDTIME	Adds a time to a time or datetime
AES_DECRYPT	Decryption data encrypted with AES_ENCRYPT
AES_ENCRYPT	Encrypts a string with the AES algorithm
AREA	Synonym for ST_AREA
AsBinary	Synonym for ST_AsBinary
ASCII	Numeric ASCII value of leftmost character
ASIN	Returns the arc sine
AsText	Synonym for ST_AsText
AsWKB	Synonym for ST_AsBinary
AsWKT	Synonym for ST_AsText
ATAN	Returns the arc tangent
ATAN2	Returns the arc tangent of two variables
AVG	Returns the average value
BENCHMARK	Executes an expression repeatedly
BETWEEN AND	True if expression between two values
BIN	Returns binary value
BINARY OPERATOR	Casts to a binary string
BINLOG_GTID_POS	Returns a string representation of the corresponding GTID position
BIT_AND	Bitwise AND
BIT_COUNT	Returns the number of set bits
BIT_LENGTH	Returns the length of a string in bits
BIT_OR	Bitwise OR
BIT_XOR	Bitwise XOR
BOUNDARY	Synonym for ST_BOUNDARY
BUFFER	Synonym for ST_BUFFER
CASE	Returns the result where value=compare_value or for the first condition that is true
CAST	Casts a value of one type to another type
CEIL	Synonym for CEILING()
CEILING	Returns the smallest integer not less than X
CENTROID	Synonym for ST_CENTROID
CHAR Function	Returns string based on the integer values for the individual characters
CHARACTER_LENGTH	Synonym for CHAR_LENGTH()
CHAR_LENGTH	Length of the string in characters
CHARSET	Returns the character set
CHR	Returns a string consisting of the character given by the code values of the integer
COALESCE	Returns the first non-NULL parameter
COERCIBILITY	Returns the collation coercibility value
COLLATION	Collation of the string argument
COLUMN_ADD	Adds or updates dynamic columns
COLUMN_CHECK	Checks if a dynamic column blob is valid
COLUMN_CREATE	Returns a dynamic columns blob
COLUMN_DELETE	Deletes a dynamic column
COLUMN_EXISTS	Checks is a column exists
COLUMN_GET	Gets a dynamic column value by name
COLUMN_JSON	Returns a JSON representation of dynamic column blob data
COLUMN_LIST	Returns comma-separated list
COMPRESS	Returns a binary, compressed string
CONCAT	Returns concatenated string
CONCAT_WS	Concatenate with separator
CONNECTION_ID	Connection thread ID
CONTAINS	Whether one geometry contains another
CONVERT	Convert a value from one type to another type
CONV	Converts numbers between different number bases
CONVERT_TZ	Converts a datetime from on time zone to another
CONVEXHULL	Synonym for ST_CONVEXHULL
COS	Returns the cosine
COT	Returns the cotangent
COUNT	Returns count of non-null values
COUNT DISTINCT	Returns count of number of different non-NULL values
CRC32	Computes a cyclic redundancy check value
CROSSES	Whether two geometries spatially cross
CUME_DIST	Window function that returns the cumulative distribution of a given row
CURDATE	Returns the current date
CURRENT_DATE	Synonym for CURDATE()
CURRENT_ROLE	Current role name
CURRENT_TIME	Synonym for CURTIME()
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Synonym for NOW()
CURRENT_USER	Username/host that authenicated the current client
CURTIME	Returns the current time
DATABASE	Current default database
DATE FUNCTION	Extracts the date portion of a datetime
DATEDIFF	Difference in days between two date/time values
DATE_ADD	Date arithmetic - addition
DATE_FORMAT	Formats the date value according to the format string
DATE_SUB	Date arithmetic - subtraction
DAY	Synonym for DAYOFMONTH()
DAYNAME	Return the name of the weekday
DAYOFMONTH	Returns the day of the month
DAYOFWEEK	Returns the day of the week index
DAYOFYEAR	Returns the day of the year
DECODE	Decrypts a string encoded with ENCODE()
DECODE_HISTOGRAM	Returns comma separated numerics corresponding to a probability distribution represented by a histogram
DEFAULT	Returns column default
DEGREES	Converts from radians to degrees
DENSE_RANK	Rank of a given row with identical values receiving the same result, no skipping
DES_DECRYPT	Decrypts a string encrypted with DES_ENCRYPT()
DES_ENCRYPT	Encrypts a string using the Triple-DES algorithm
DIMENSION	Synonym for ST_DIMENSION
DISJOINT	Whether the two elements do not intersect
DIV	Integer division
ELT	Returns the N'th element from a set of strings
ENCODE	Encrypts a string
ENCRYPT	Encrypts a string with Unix crypt()
ENDPOINT	Synonym for ST_ENDPOINT
ENVELOPE	Synonym for ST_ENVELOPE
EQUALS	Indicates whether two geometries are spatially equal
EXP	e raised to the power of the argument
EXPORT_SET	Returns an on string for every bit set, an off string for every bit not set
ExteriorRing	Synonym for ST_ExteriorRing
EXTRACT	Extracts a portion of the date
EXTRACTVALUE	Returns the text of the first text node matched by the XPath expression
FIELD	Returns the index position of a string in a list
FIND_IN_SET	Returns the position of a string in a set of strings
FLOOR	Largest integer value not greater than the argument
FORMAT	Formats a number
FOUND_ROWS	Number of (potentially) returned rows
FROM_BASE64	Given a base-64 encoded string, returns the decoded result as a binary string
FROM_DAYS	Returns a date given a day
FROM_UNIXTIME	Returns a datetime from a Unix timestamp
GeomCollFromText	Synonym for ST_GeomCollFromText
GeomCollFromWKB	Synonym for ST_GeomCollFromWKB
GeometryCollectionFromText	Synonym for ST_GeomCollFromText
GeometryCollectionFromWKB	Synonym for ST_GeomCollFromWKB
GeometryFromText	Synonym for ST_GeomFromText
GeometryFromWKB	Synonym for ST_GeomFromWKB
GeomFromText	Synonym for ST_GeomFromText
GeomFromWKB	Synonym for ST_GeomFromWKB
GeometryN	Synonym for ST_GeometryN
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION	Constructs a WKB GeometryCollection
GeometryType	Synonym for ST_GeometryType
GET_FORMAT	Returns a format string
GET_LOCK	Obtain LOCK
GLENGTH	Length of a LineString value
GREATEST	Returns the largest argument
GROUP_CONCAT	Returns string with concatenated values from a group
HEX	Returns hexadecimal value
HOUR	Returns the hour
IF	If expr1 is TRUE, returns expr2; otherwise returns expr3
IFNULL	Check whether an expression is NULL
IN	True if expression equals any of the values in the list
INTERVAL	Index of the argument that is less than the first argument
INET6_ATON	Given an IPv6 or IPv4 network address, returns a VARBINARY numeric value
INET6_NTOA	Given an IPv6 or IPv4 network address, returns the address as a nonbinary string
INET_ATON	Returns numeric value of IPv4 address
INET_NTOA	Returns dotted-quad representation of IPv4 address
INSERT Function	Replaces a part of a string with another string
INSTR	Returns the position of a string withing a string
InteriorRingN	Synonym for ST_InteriorRingN
INTERSECTS	Indicates whether two geometries spatially intersect
IS	Tests whether a boolean is TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN
IsClosed	Synonym for ST_IsClosed
IsEmpty	Synonym for ST_IsEmpty
IS_FREE_LOCK	Checks whether lock is free to use
IS_IPV4	Whether or not an expression is a valid IPv4 address
IS_IPV4_COMPAT	Whether or not an IPv6 address is IPv4-compatible
IS_IPV4_MAPPED	Whether an IPv6 address is a valid IPv4-mapped address
IS_IPV6	Whether or not an expression is a valid IPv6 address
IS NOT	Tests whether a boolean value is not TRUE, FALSE, or UNKNOWN
IS NOT NULL	Tests whether a value is not NULL
IS NULL	Tests whether a value is NULL
ISNULL	Checks if an expression is NULL
IsRing	Synonym for ST_IsRing
IsSimple	Synonym for ST_IsSimple
IS_USED_LOCK	Check if lock is in use
JSON_ARRAY	Returns a JSON array containing the listed values
JSON_ARRAY_APPEND	Appends values to the end of the given arrays within a JSON document
JSON_ARRAY_INSERT	Inserts a value into a JSON document
JSON_COMPACT	Removes all unnecessary spaces so the json document is as short as possible
JSON_CONTAINS	Whether a value is found in a given JSON document or at a specified path within the document
JSON_CONTAINS_PATH	Indicates whether the given JSON document contains data at the specified path or paths
JSON_DEPTH	Maximum depth of a JSON document
JSON_DETAILED	Represents JSON in the most understandable way emphasizing nested structures
JSON_EXISTS	Determines whether a specified JSON value exists in the given data
JSON_EXTRACT	Extracts data from a JSON document
JSON_INSERT	Inserts data into a JSON document
JSON_KEYS	Returns keys from top-level value of a JSON object or top-level keys from the path
JSON_LENGTH	Returns the length of a JSON document, or the length of a value within the document
JSON_LOOSE	Adds spaces to a JSON document to make it look more readable
JSON_MERGE	Merges the given JSON documents
JSON_OBJECT	Returns a JSON object containing the given key/value pairs
JSON_QUERY	Given a JSON document, returns an object or array specified by the path
JSON_QUOTE	Quotes a string as a JSON value
JSON_REMOVE	Removes data from a JSON document
JSON_REPLACE	Replaces existing values in a JSON document
JSON_SEARCH	Returns the path to the given string within a JSON document
JSON_SET	Updates or inserts data into a JSON document
JSON_TABLE	Returns a representation of a JSON document as a relational table
JSON_TYPE	Returns the type of a JSON value
JSON_UNQUOTE	Unquotes a JSON value, returning a string
JSON_VALID	Whether a value is a valid JSON document or not
JSON_VALUE	Given a JSON document, returns the specified scalar
LAST_DAY	Returns the last day of the month
LAST_INSERT_ID	Last inserted autoinc value
LAST_VALUE	Returns the last value in a list
LASTVAL	Get last value generated from a sequence
LCASE	Synonym for [LOWER()
LEAST	Returns the smallest argument
LEFT	Returns the leftmost characters from a string
LENGTH	Length of the string in bytes
LIKE	Whether expression matches a pattern
LineFromText	Synonym for ST_LineFromText
LineFromWKB	Synonym for ST_LineFromWKB
LINESTRING	Constructs a WKB LineString value from a number of WKB Point arguments
LineStringFromText	Synonym for ST_LineFromText
LineStringFromWKB	Synonym for ST_LineFromWKB
LN	Returns natural logarithm
LOAD_FILE	Returns file contents as a string
LOCALTIME	Synonym for NOW()
LOCALTIMESTAMP	Synonym for NOW()
LOCATE	Returns the position of a substring in a string
LOG	Returns the natural logarithm
LOG10	Returns the base-10 logarithm
LOG2	Returns the base-2 logarithm
LOWER	Returns a string with all characters changed to lowercase
LPAD	Returns the string left-padded with another string to a given length
LTRIM	Returns the string with leading space characters removed
MAKE_SET	Make a set of strings that matches a bitmask
MAKEDATE	Returns a date given a year and day
MAKETIME	Returns a time
MASTER_GTID_WAIT	Wait until slave reaches the GTID position
MASTER_POS_WAIT	Blocks until the slave has applied all specified updates
MATCH AGAINST	Perform a fulltext search on a fulltext index
MAX	Returns the maximum value
MBRContains	Indicates one Minimum Bounding Rectangle contains another
MBRDisjoint	Indicates whether the Minimum Bounding Rectangles of two geometries are disjoint
MBREqual	Whether the Minimum Bounding Rectangles of two geometries are the same.
MBRIntersects	Indicates whether the Minimum Bounding Rectangles of the two geometries intersect
MBROverlaps	Whether the Minimum Bounding Rectangles of two geometries overlap.
MBRTouches	Whether the Minimum Bounding Rectangles of two geometries touch.
MBRWithin	Indicates whether one Minimum Bounding Rectangle is within another
MD5	MD5 checksum
MEDIAN	Window function that returns the median value of a range of values
MICROSECOND	Returns microseconds from a date or datetime
MID	Synonym for SUBSTRING(str,pos,len)
MIN	Returns the minimum value
MINUTE	Returns a minute from 0 to 59
MLineFromText	Constructs MULTILINESTRING using its WKT representation and SRID
MLineFromWKB	Constructs a MULTILINESTRING
MOD	Modulo operation. Remainder of N divided by M
MONTH	Returns a month from 1 to 12
MONTHNAME	Returns the full name of the month
MPointFromText	Constructs a MULTIPOINT value using its WKT and SRID
MPointFromWKB	Constructs a MULTIPOINT value using its WKB representation and SRID
MPolyFromText	Constructs a MULTIPOLYGON value
MPolyFromWKB	Constructs a MULTIPOLYGON value using its WKB representation and SRID
MultiLineStringFromText	Synonym for MLineFromText
MultiLineStringFromWKB	A synonym for MLineFromWKB
MULTIPOINT	Constructs a WKB MultiPoint value
MultiPointFromText	Synonym for MPointFromText
MultiPointFromWKB	Synonym for MPointFromWKB
MULTIPOLYGON	Constructs a WKB MultiPolygon
MultiPolygonFromText	Synonym for MPolyFromText
MultiPolygonFromWKB	Synonym for MPolyFromWKB
MULTILINESTRING	Constructs a MultiLineString value
NAME_CONST	Returns the given value
NOT LIKE	Same as NOT(expr LIKE pat [ESCAPE 'escape_char'])
NOT REGEXP	Same as NOT (expr REGEXP pat)
NULLIF	Returns NULL if expr1 = expr2
NEXTVAL	Generate next value for sequence
NOT BETWEEN	Same as NOT (expr BETWEEN min AND max)
NOT IN	Same as NOT (expr IN (value,...))
NOW	Returns the current date and time
NTILE	Returns an integer indicating which group a given row falls into
NumGeometries	Synonym for ST_NumGeometries
NumInteriorRings	Synonym for NumInteriorRings
NumPoints	Synonym for ST_NumPoints
OCT	Returns octal value
OCTET_LENGTH	Synonym for LENGTH()
OLD_PASSWORD	Pre MySQL 4.1 password implementation
ORD	Return ASCII or character code
OVERLAPS	Indicates whether two elements spatially overlap
PASSWORD	Calculates a password string
PERCENT_RANK	Window function that returns the relative percent rank of a given row
PERCENTILE_CONT	Returns a value which corresponds to the given fraction in the sort order.
PERCENTILE_DISC	Returns the first value in the set whose ordered position is the same or more than the specified fraction.
PERIOD_ADD	Add months to a period
PERIOD_DIFF	Number of months between two periods
PI	Returns the value of π (pi)
POINT	Constructs a WKB Point
PointFromText	Synonym for ST_PointFromText
PointFromWKB	Synonym for PointFromWKB
PointN	Synonym for PointN
PointOnSurface	Synonym for ST_PointOnSurface
POLYGON	Constructs a WKB Polygon value from a number of WKB LineString arguments
PolyFromText	Synonym for ST_PolyFromText
PolyFromWKB	Synonym for ST_PolyFromWKB
PolygonFromText	Synonym for ST_PolyFromText
PolygonFromWKB	Synonym for ST_PolyFromWKB
POSITION	Returns the position of a substring in a string
POW	Returns X raised to the power of Y
POWER	Synonym for POW()
QUARTER	Returns year quarter from 1 to 4
QUOTE	Returns quoted, properly escaped string
RADIANS	Converts from degrees to radians
RAND	Random floating-point value
RANK	Rank of a given row with identical values receiving the same result
REGEXP	Performs pattern matching
REGEXP_INSTR	Position of the first appearance of a regex
REGEXP_REPLACE	Replaces all occurrences of a pattern
REGEXP_SUBSTR	Returns the matching part of a string
RELEASE_LOCK	Releases lock obtained with GET_LOCK()
REPEAT Function	Returns a string repeated a number of times
REPLACE Function	Replace occurrences of a string
REVERSE	Reverses the order of a string
RIGHT	Returns the rightmost N characters from a string
RLIKE	Synonym for REGEXP()
RPAD	Returns the string right-padded with another string to a given length
ROUND	Rounds a number
ROW_COUNT	Number of rows affected by previous statement
ROW_NUMBER	Row number of a given row with identical values receiving a different result
RTRIM	Returns the string with trailing space characters removed
SCHEMA	Synonym for DATABASE()
SECOND	Returns the second of a time
SEC_TO_TIME	Converts a second to a time
SETVAL	Set the next value to be returned by a sequence
SESSION_USER	Synonym for USER()
SHA	Synonym for SHA1()
SHA1	Calculates an SHA-1 checksum
SHA2	Calculates an SHA-2 checksum
SIGN	Returns 1, 0 or -1
SIN	Returns the sine
SLEEP	Pauses for the given number of seconds
SOUNDEX	Returns a string based on how the string sounds
SOUNDS LIKE	SOUNDEX(expr1) = SOUNDEX(expr2)
SPACE	Returns a string of space characters
SPIDER_BG_DIRECT_SQL	Background SQL execution
SPIDER_COPY_TABLES	Copy table data
SPIDER_DIRECT_SQL	Execute SQL on the remote server
SPIDER_FLUSH_TABLE_MON_CACHE	Refreshing Spider monitoring server information
SQRT	Square root
SRID	Synonym for ST_SRID
ST_AREA	Area of a Polygon
ST_AsBinary	Converts a value to its WKB representation
ST_AsText	Converts a value to its WKT-Definition
ST_AsWKB	Synonym for ST_AsBinary
ST_ASWKT	Synonym for ST_ASTEXT()
ST_BOUNDARY	Returns a geometry that is the closure of a combinatorial boundary
ST_BUFFER	A new geometry with a buffer added to the original geometry
ST_CENTROID	The mathematical centroid (geometric center) for a MultiPolygon
ST_CONTAINS	Whether one geometry is contained by another
ST_CONVEXHULL	The minimum convex geometry enclosing all geometries within the set
ST_CROSSES	Whether two geometries spatially cross
ST_DIFFERENCE	Point set difference
ST_DIMENSION	Inherent dimension of a geometry value
ST_DISJOINT	Whether one geometry is spatially disjoint from another
ST_DISTANCE	The distance between two geometries
ST_DISTANCE_SPHERE	The spherical distance between two geometries
ST_ENDPOINT	Returns the endpoint of a LineString
ST_ENVELOPE	Returns the Minimum Bounding Rectangle for a geometry value
ST_EQUALS	Whether two geometries are spatoially equal
ST_ExteriorRing	Returns the exterior ring of a Polygon as a LineString
ST_GeomCollFromText	Constructs a GEOMETRYCOLLECTION value
ST_GeomCollFromWKB	Constructs a GEOMETRYCOLLECTION value from a WKB
ST_GeometryCollectionFromText	Synonym for ST_GeomCollFromText
ST_GeometryCollectionFromWKB	Synonym for ST_GeomCollFromWKB
ST_GeometryFromText	Synonym for ST_GeomFromText
ST_GeometryFromWKB	Synonym for ST_GeomFromWKB
ST_GEOMETRYN	Returns the N-th geometry in a GeometryCollection
ST_GEOMETRYTYPE	Returns name of the geometry type of which a given geometry instance is a member
ST_GeomFromText	Constructs a geometry value using its WKT and SRID
ST_GeomFromWKB	Constructs a geometry value using its WKB representation and SRID
ST_InteriorRingN	Returns the N-th interior ring for a Polygon
ST_INTERSECTION	The intersection, or shared portion, of two geometries
ST_INTERSECTS	Whether two geometries spatially intersect
ST_ISCLOSED	Returns true if a given LINESTRING's start and end points are the same
ST_ISEMPTY	Indicated validity of geometry value
ST_IsRing	Returns true if a given LINESTRING is both ST_IsClosed and ST_IsSimple
ST_IsSimple	Returns true if the given Geometry has no anomalous geometric points
ST_LENGTH	Length of a LineString value
ST_LineFromText	Creates a linestring value
ST_LineFromWKB	Constructs a LINESTRING using its WKB and SRID
ST_LineStringFromText	Synonym for ST_LineFromText
ST_LineStringFromWKB	Synonym for ST_LineFromWKB
ST_NUMGEOMETRIES	Number of geometries in a GeometryCollection
ST_NumInteriorRings	Number of interior rings in a Polygon
ST_NUMPOINTS	Returns the number of Point objects in a LineString
ST_OVERLAPS	Whether two geometries overlap
ST_PointFromText	Constructs a POINT value
ST_PointFromWKB	Constructs POINT using its WKB and SRID
ST_POINTN	Returns the N-th Point in the LineString
ST_POINTONSURFACE	Returns a POINT guaranteed to intersect a surface
ST_PolyFromText	Constructs a POLYGON value
ST_PolyFromWKB	Constructs POLYGON value using its WKB representation and SRID
ST_PolygonFromText	Synonym for ST_PolyFromText
ST_PolygonFromWKB	Synonym for ST_PolyFromWKB
ST_RELATE	Returns true if two geometries are related
ST_SRID	Returns a Spatial Reference System ID
ST_STARTPOINT	Returns the start point of a LineString
ST_SYMDIFFERENCE	Portions of two geometries that don't intersect
ST_TOUCHES	Whether one geometry g1 spatially touches another
ST_UNION	Union of two geometries
ST_WITHIN	Whether one geometry is within another
ST_X	X-coordinate value for a point
ST_Y	Y-coordinate for a point
STARTPOINT	Synonym for ST_StartPoint
STD	Population standard deviation
STDDEV	Population standard deviation
STDDEV_POP	Returns the population standard deviation
STDDEV_SAMP	Standard deviation
STR_TO_DATE	Converts a string to date
STRCMP	Compares two strings in sort order
SUBDATE	Subtract a date unit or number of days
SUBSTR	Returns a substring from string starting at a given position
SUBSTRING	Returns a substring from string starting at a given position
SUBSTRING_INDEX	Returns the substring from string before count occurrences of a delimiter
SUBTIME	Subtracts a time from a date/time
SUM	Sum total
SYS_GUID	Generates a globally unique identifier
SYSDATE	Returns the current date and time
SYSTEM_USER	Synonym for USER()
TAN	Returns the tangent
TIME function	Extracts the time
TIMEDIFF	Returns the difference between two date/times
TIMESTAMP FUNCTION	Return the datetime, or add a time to a date/time
TIMESTAMPADD	Add interval to a date or datetime
TIMESTAMPDIFF	Difference between two datetimes
TIME_FORMAT	Formats the time value according to the format string
TIME_TO_SEC	Returns the time argument, converted to seconds
TO_BASE64	Converts a string to its base-64 encoded form
TO_CHAR	Converts a date/time type to a char
TO_DAYS	Number of days since year 0
TO_SECONDS	Number of seconds since year 0
TOUCHES	Whether two geometries spatially touch
TRIM	Returns a string with all given prefixes or suffixes removed
TRUNCATE	Truncates X to D decimal places
UCASE	Synonym for UPPER]]()
UNHEX	Interprets pairs of hex digits as a number and converts to the character represented by the number
UNCOMPRESS	Uncompresses string compressed with COMPRESS()
UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH	Returns length of a string before being compressed with COMPRESS()
UNIX_TIMESTAMP	Returns a Unix timestamp
UPDATEXML	Replace XML
UPPER	Changes string to uppercase
USER	Current user/host
UTC_DATE	Returns the current UTC date
UTC_TIME	Returns the current UTC time
UTC_TIMESTAMP	Returns the current UTC date and time
UUID	Returns a Universal Unique Identifier
UUID_SHORT	Return short universal identifier
VALUES or VALUE	Refer to columns in INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
VAR_POP	Population standard variance
VAR_SAMP	Returns the sample variance
VARIANCE	Population standard variance
VERSION	MariaDB server version
WEEK	Returns the week number
WEEKDAY	Returns the weekday index
WEEKOFYEAR	Returns the calendar week of the date as a number in the range from 1 to 53
WEIGHT_STRING	Weight of the input string
WITHIN	Indicate whether a geographic element is spacially within another
X	Synonym for ST_X
Y	Synonym for ST_Y
YEAR	Returns the year for the given date
YEARWEEK	Returns year and week for a date